diff options
Diffstat (limited to 'misc')
| -rw-r--r-- | misc/aws/account_setup_notes.md | 88 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | misc/document-formats.md | 83 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | misc/greek-task-list.md | 83 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | misc/internet-communication-channels.md | 203 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | misc/ledger.md | 60 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | misc/migadu.md | 106 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | misc/problemas.md | 91 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | misc/ripping.md | 71 |
8 files changed, 0 insertions, 785 deletions
diff --git a/misc/aws/account_setup_notes.md b/misc/aws/account_setup_notes.md deleted file mode 100644 index 46647fe1..00000000 --- a/misc/aws/account_setup_notes.md +++ /dev/null @@ -1,88 +0,0 @@ -# Account setup notes - -> [!CAUTION] -> I do not have AWS training nor significant experience. -> The information here can be insecure and dangerous. - -## Initial setup - -### Creating the initial management account and initial configuration - -Opening an account requires a credit card, a phone number and an email address. - -Once an email address is associated with an AWS account, no other AWS account can be created with the same email address, even if you delete the AWS account. -However, you can change the email address of the AWS account to "free" the email address. - -Create use multiple email addresses or plus addressing for experiments, etc.. -(OVH "redirect", Gmail and Google Groups support plus addressing.) - -Go to "IAM Identity Center" and enable it in your preferred region. -This enables AWS Organizations and creates a `Root` OU that contains the management account. - -By default, this uses an internal "Identity Center directory". -Alternatively, you can integrate with an external identity provider. -(TODO: using SAML?) - -Create an `Admins` group. - -Create an `admin` user, adding the user to the `Admins` group. - -Create a predefined permission set with the `AdministratorAccess` policy. - -Go to multi-account permissions, AWS accounts, select the management account and click "assign users or groups". -Assign the `Admins` group with the `AdministratorAccess` permission set. - -Note the "AWS access portal URL", users use this URL to log in. - -### Setting up the `admin` user - -Depending on how you created the user, you create the password by following an email link or you receive an initial password. - -You have to set up MFA. - -When the user signs in, they are redirected to the AWS access portal. -An account tab displays the AWS accounts that the user can access. -Expand the account and click `AdministratorAccess` to access the AWS Console with full administrator access. - -#### Configuring `awscli` - -``` -$ aws configure sso -SSO session name (Recommended): ${enter something} -SSO start URL [None]: ${the AWS access portal URL from an earlier step} -SSO region [None]: ${enter one} -SSO registration scopes [sso:account:access]: ${leave blank} -``` - -The `configure sso` command prints: - -``` -aws s3 ls --profile ${your profile name} -``` - -You can use this command to test access. - -To log in again: - -``` -aws sso login --profile ${the profile name from an earlier step} -``` - -## First steps with AWS Organization Formation - -``` -npx --package aws-organization-formation -- org-formation init ${starter template yaml} --profile ${the profile name from an earlier step} -``` - -This command creates a `${starter template yaml}` file with the skeleton of your current AWS account structure. - -## Account closure - -TODO: verify when deleting an account disposes resources that incur billing. - -## References - -* [AWS Organization Formation](https://github.com/org-formation) declarative management of AWS accounts - * [org-formation-reference](https://github.com/org-formation/org-formation-reference) A reference architecture which aims to provide some best practices for any AWS Organization starting out using org-formation. - * [Part 1 – Managing AWS accounts like a PRO](https://fourtheorem.com/managing-aws-accounts-part-1/) - * [Part 2 – Managing accounts using IaC with OrgFormation](https://fourtheorem.com/managing-accounts-using-iac-and-orgformation/) diff --git a/misc/document-formats.md b/misc/document-formats.md deleted file mode 100644 index 9ee21acc..00000000 --- a/misc/document-formats.md +++ /dev/null @@ -1,83 +0,0 @@ -# Document formats - -Most of the time, when writing a document, I want a document format with the following properties: - -* Fast to write using a plain text editor -* Easy to parse into an AST - -An AST is a programming-friendly representation of a document. -ASTs reduce the effort required to write tools such as a program that validates links in a document. -Ideally, ASTs contain information to track a document element to the position it occupies in the original document. -With this information, if you write a tool such as a spell checker, then you can highlight misspelled works precisely in the original document. - -On top of that, some features that I don't always need: - -* Math support -* Sophisticated code blocks. - For example, being able to highlight arbitrary parts of code blocks (not syntax highlighting). -* Diagram support - -## Existing formats - -### Markdown - -* Easy to write using a plain text editor -* Has good AST parsers with position information -* Has math support -* Does not support sophisticated code blocks -* There are many extensions with support for math, diagrams, and many others -* Is very popular and supported everywhere -* However, there is a wide variety of variants and quirks -* Especifically, because Markdown was not designed with parsing in mind, so tools based on different parsers can have differences in behavior - -### [Djot](https://djot.net/) - -It is very similar to Markdown, except: - -* It is designed for parsing, so independent parsing implementations are very compatible with each other -* It is not so popular, so there are less extension and tool support - -### [AsciiDoc](https://asciidoc.org/) - -Compared to Markdown: - -* It's more complex to write, but mostly because it's different and more powerful -* There are attempts to write better parsers, but good parsers with position information are not available yet -* Supports sophisticated code blocks -* It has a smaller ecosystem than Markdown, but many good quality tools such as Antora - -### [Typst](https://typst.app/) - -Checks all my boxes, except: - -* It is designed for parsing and it has an AST, but it is not easy to access -* Currently Typst is very oriented towards generating paged documents (e.g. PDF) -* It includes a full programming language, which is mostly good (very extensible), but this might increase complexity undesirably - -Typst is very new and is not yet very popular. - -[Typesetter](https://codeberg.org/haydn/typesetter) is a desktop application that embeds Typst, so no additional setup is needed. -However, Typesetter is only available as a Flatpak. - -### [Verso](https://github.com/leanprover/verso) - -A Markdown-like closely tied to [the Lean programming language](https://lean-lang.org/): - -* Eliminates ambiguous syntax for easier parsing and is stricter (not all text is valid Verso) -* Has a (Lean) data model -* Designed for extensibility - -### TODO: other formats - -- https://github.com/nota-lang/nota -- https://github.com/christianvoigt/argdown -- https://github.com/nvim-neorg -- https://github.com/podlite/podlite/ -- https://orgmode.org/ -- https://github.com/sile-typesetter/sile - -## Creating your own formats - -https://github.com/spc476/MOPML someone created its own lightweight format using Lua and PEGs. - -https://tratt.net/laurie/blog/2020/which_parsing_approach.html has information about choosing parsing approaches. diff --git a/misc/greek-task-list.md b/misc/greek-task-list.md deleted file mode 100644 index 6979082e..00000000 --- a/misc/greek-task-list.md +++ /dev/null @@ -1,83 +0,0 @@ -# Greek task list - -## From <https://apollos-boyfriend.tumblr.com/post/734812687645786112> - -### Icarian task - -When you have a task you know you’re going to fail at anyways, so why not have some fun with it before it all comes crashing down - -### Cassandrean task - -When you have to deal with people you KNOW won’t listen to you, despite having accurate information, and having to watch them fumble about when you told them the solution from the start (most often witnessed in customer service) - -Patroclean task: something that you have a wild misunderstanding of the difficulty involved in accomplishing properly and can only end terribly, but you dive into with your whole heart and the deep faith and conviction that you can accomplish it by sheer force of will. - -## From <https://www.tumblr.com/bigdickfartsapolka/734815719754170368/achillean-task-something-you-are-absolutely-and> - -### Patroclean task - -Something that you have a wild misunderstanding of the difficulty involved in accomplishing properly and can only end terribly, but you dive into with your whole heart and the deep faith and conviction that you can accomplish it by sheer force of will. - -## From <https://www.tumblr.com/sapphoandvanzetti/791697593363218432/penelopean-task-you-dont-actually-want-the> - -### Penelopean task - -You don't actually want the outcome of the task, so you're self-sabotaging in a clever and undetectable way to keep it from ever being completed. - -## From <https://infosec.exchange/users/masek/statuses/115507451151625748> - -### Orphean task - -When you almost succeed, but lose everything the moment you turn around to check your progress. - -### Daedalean task - -When you’re forced to design something brilliant and functional… that you yourself will inevitably become trapped inside. - -### Medusan task - -When your project becomes so horrifying that everyone involved freezes in place rather than deal with it. - -### Tantaline task - -When success is right there, but bureaucracy or budget cuts keep snatching it away at the last moment, forever. - -### Pandoran task - -When fixing one small issue unleashes a thousand new ones, but hey — at least there’s still hope somewhere in the ticket backlog. - -### Odyssean task - -When the assignment technically has an end, but it’s buried under so many side quests that you forget what the original goal was. - -### Narcissian task - -When the entire effort is about maintaining appearances rather than achieving anything of substance. - -### Promethean task - -When you give people a powerful new tool that could transform their work — and are punished eternally for doing so. - -### Orestian task - -When the mess you’re cleaning up is the direct result of the last cleanup you performed. - -### Thesean task - -When the only way to finish is to disassemble everything piece by piece — until you’re no longer sure if what’s left is the same project you started. - -### Achillean task - -When your work is flawless except for that one fatal oversight that will, inevitably, destroy you. - -### Penelopean task - -When you diligently undo by night what you accomplish by day, just to keep the stakeholders pacified. - -### Midasean task - -When everything you touch turns into paperwork, compliance documents, or gold-plated nonsense nobody actually needs. - -### Gordian task - -Not intended to be actually done, but violence is the answer. diff --git a/misc/internet-communication-channels.md b/misc/internet-communication-channels.md deleted file mode 100644 index 7ba95f0e..00000000 --- a/misc/internet-communication-channels.md +++ /dev/null @@ -1,203 +0,0 @@ -# Internet communication channels - -If you want to provide a communication channel for a community over the Internet and you are considering options such as: - -* Slack -* Discord -* Reddit -* Telegram -* WhatsApp -* Facebook -* Or any other communication channel controlled by a single big company - -, then please read this article and consider an alternative. - -Because such channels are often convenient, cheap, and easy, they are natural choices. - -However, companies are about maximizing their benefits first. -Certainly, providing convenient, cheap, and easy services often help companies make money. -But I believe we have seen enough examples of companies putting their benefits first in detriment of their users. - -Using these alternatives will always require more effort. -This text is long, and just reading and processing it might take more time than setting up a channel on the services mentioned above. -The alternatives I describe certainly have drawbacks compared to the services I am asking you to avoid. -However, in the long run I think making an extra effort to make an informed choice pays off. - -## A quick litmus test - -If you only thing about a single thing, then think about this: how many independent clients are for this communication channel? - -How tightly the people behind the channel control clients is a good indicator of how much they want to maximize profits. - -## Alternatives - -### Instant messaging - -#### IRC - -IRC is a real-time chat protocol created in 1988 that is still in use. -Many perceive flaws in IRC that seem to make it a bad choice. -However, many IRC flaws have been addressed in recent times and I believe it is a good choice in many (but not all) scenarios. - -The biggest traditional issue with IRC is channels without history, where you cannot see messages posted while you were offline. -(If you suspend or turn off your laptop, you will be offline in IRC. -Even if you run your IRC client continuously on your client, if your phone goes out of coverage or your phone suspends your IRC client, you will be offline.) -However, nowadays you can create channels with history. - -Channels without history are frequently confusing for new users, because most chat systems have history. -Heavy IRC users are either used to having no history [this might seem surprising, but for some this is even a benefit] or have means to be permanently connected to IRC. -However, users new to IRC might join a channel, post a question and go offline without anyone having a chance to see their message and reply. -Then, unless people remember to answer when they are back, or other means are used, answers will not be visible to the person who asked. - -[The `chathistory` extension](https://ircv3.net/specs/extensions/chathistory) addresses this problem. -As far as I know, only [the Ergo IRC server](https://ergo.chat/about) and [their network](https://ergo.chat/about-network) support this extension. - -Some advantages of IRC are: - -* You can use IRC without creating an account. - This can be especially useful for providing a general contact mechanism. - You can create links that will ask for a nickname, and place you into a channel without any additional steps. - -* IRC is a very simple protocol with more than 30 years of history. - This means that many developers have invested significant efforts in creating powerful IRC clients and tools (such as bots). - And lately, many easy IRC clients are available. - This means that IRC can scale from simple setups that require little effort to use, to powerful setups that can provide interesting features. - (If you are used to plain communication clients, you might be surprised at how valuable some features can be.) - -Some drawbacks of IRC are: - -* IRC does not have end-to-end encryption, and thus IRC administrators can read every conversation. - This is not a huge problem for public or semi-public channels, but it limits IRC for many scenarios. - -* IRC requires more effort from administrators to provide a good experience to entry-level users, control spam, and others. - (An important point is that although integration with audio/video conferencing is possible, it requires more effort and provides a lesser experience.) - -* IRC is mostly text-based. - Although many IRC clients can display images and GIFs, communicating with images and GIFs is harder on IRC. - (And IRC also does not have integrated audio/video conferencing.) - -* Push notifications are not common yet. - Although it is possible to receive instant notifications when you are mentioned or receive a private message, this is frequently difficult. - In general, IRC on mobile phones is not as evolved as on desktop computers. - -Interesting projects: - -* Web clients - * https://github.com/ObsidianIRC/ObsidianIRC - * https://kiwiirc.com/ - * https://codeberg.org/emersion/gamja -* https://soju.im/ (Bouncer) -* https://halloy.chat/ (Graphical desktop client) -* https://git.sr.ht/~delthas/senpai (Terminal client) - -### Delta Chat - -Delta Chat is an instant messaging system that tries to be very similar to the most popular instant messaging systems. - -However, there are multiple clients and anyone can run a server. - -The strangest thing about Delta Chat is that is uses email underneath. -However, I would recommend ignoring this fact. - -#### XMPP - -XMPP is younger than IRC, but older than Matrix. -Compared to Matrix: - -* End-to-end encryption and audio/video conferencing is possible with XMPP, but in practice it can be difficult to access these features. - -* There's more XMPP clients than Matrix clients, but it is also hard to find clients that support all the features you need on different platforms. - -For some scenarios, if you find the right combination of XMPP server and clients, XMPP can be a great option. - -Historically, XMPP was not well-suited to mobile usage. -Nowadays, mobile usage is better, but finding the right clients to use is still a challenge. - -#### Matrix - -Matrix is a more modern chat protocol that addresses some of the drawbacks of IRC: - -* Matrix has end-to-end encryption, so conversations between users are private to Matrix administrators. - -* Matrix requires less effort from *channel* administrators. - (But running a Matrix server requires significant resources. - However, there are public Matrix servers and managed services. - Thanks to end-to-end encryption, using a public Matrix server is an interesting option.) - -* Matrix has good support for audio/video conferencing, images and GIFs, reactions, push notifications, and phone usage. - -But also some disadvantages compared to IRC: - -* Users need to create accounts. - -* Using end-to-end encryption makes some usage harder. - (Although end-to-end encryption is optional.) - -* There are fewer clients and tools, and generally they are more complex, more resource intensive, and less featureful. - (And not all clients support all features.) - -#### Other instant messaging alternatives to consider - -* Zulip: Zulip offers instant messaging, but has some characteristics from forums. - (For example, Zulip uses threads with subjects.) - -* Mattermost, Rocketchat are designed for communication within organizations. - -And lastly, because all the technologies mentioned in this text allow integrations, there are bridges to join different technologies. - -For example, IRC channels can be bridged to Matrix rooms. - -Although bridges are not ideal, in some cases you can use them to make one channel available over different technologies, which might address the limitations of specific technologies. - -### Asynchronous messaging - -Although my perception is that most communities nowadays communicate over instant messaging, many communities use successfully more asynchronous communication channels. -In some cases, providing both instant messaging and an asynchronous channel can also work well. - -#### Mailing lists - -Mailing lists (and their sibling, newsgroups) are older than IRC. -Although mailing lists are far less popular than in the past, many communities still use mailing lists. - -Mailing lists have several advantages: - -* Having an email address is nearly a necessity for all Internet users. - Mailing lists often require no user account other than an existing email address. - -* In a way, email and mailing lists share many similarities with IRC. - Although most people are users of just a few mail services and clients, there is a wide variety of services and clients. - Email power features are somewhat forgotten, but they still exist and mail clients can have very convenient features. - -* Most mailing list have good ways to browse and search past messages. - Email discussions are more naturally searchable, thanks to their slower pace and thread organization. - -However, they also have many advantages: - -* As people no longer use email to communicate, going back to email can cause significant friction. - -* Finding a good mailing list service is difficult. - (And hosting your own is also more difficult than hosting other services.) - -In my opinion, mailing lists are good, but they have become foreign to most people. - -#### Web forums - -Forums used to be very popular. - -Compared to mailing lists: - -* Forums require creating an account. - -* Forums do not have multiple clients, although forum software has also evolved for a long time, and many forums have great features. - -* Forums are also a bit out of style, but they are more popular and familiar to most than mailing lists. - -* Finding a forum service or hosting one is simpler than email. - -### Other possibilities - -Social networks tend to be slightly different communication channels than instant messaging or asynchronous messaging. -Alternatives to social networks also exist. -However, in my opinion, social network-style communication is not optimal for "communities" in most cases. -Still, you might want to explore alternatives. -The Fediverse (or ActivityPub) has many different varieties of communication channels that might suit your needs. diff --git a/misc/ledger.md b/misc/ledger.md deleted file mode 100644 index 18c6f1f1..00000000 --- a/misc/ledger.md +++ /dev/null @@ -1,60 +0,0 @@ -# ledger - -[ledger](https://ledger-cli.org/) is a double-entry accounting system based on a text file format. -The [Plain text accounting](https://plaintextaccounting.org/) website lists more software based on the ideas. - -This document contains notes about how I use ledger. - -## Configuration - -My `~/.ledgerrc` just contains: - -``` ---file ~/Nextcloud/finances.ledger ---date-format %Y-%m-%d -``` - -I store my ledger file in my Nextcloud instance, so Nextcloud synchronizes across my computers. - -Other than that, I just configure the YYYY-MM-DD date format. - -## Registering transactions - -I try to register most transactions the first moment I'm at my keyboard. - -I do so manually without automations. - -In 2025, I registered over 800 transactions, and I didn't feel it was tedious. - -My main text editor is Emacs, so I use [ledger-mode](https://github.com/ledger/ledger-mode/). -ledger-mode: - -* Automatically adds indentation and alignment. -* Autocompletion of accounts and payees. - -To register transactions, I run: - -``` -ledger reg bankname:accountname -``` - -Then, I correlate with the running total that my bank websites show to find the first missing transaction and go on from there. - -I have a monthly calendar reminder to catch up on all accounts. -In this session, I also update my pension plan accounts with their current value. - -## Tagging - -### `who` - -I use the `who` tag because I want to make reports based on specific beings. -For example, I want to query quickly costs associated to the cat. - -In 2026, I think I will have some accounts like `Expenses:Supermarket:My Name` too, so I'm experimenting with the following snippet: - -``` -= My Name - ; who: myname -``` - -This seems to automatically add the tag to related accounts. diff --git a/misc/migadu.md b/misc/migadu.md deleted file mode 100644 index b4abc992..00000000 --- a/misc/migadu.md +++ /dev/null @@ -1,106 +0,0 @@ -# Migadu - -<https://migadu.com/> - -## A strategy to handle email addresses - -Email addresses can be "vanity" or "non-vanity". -Vanity email addresses are meant to be public and memorable, for example `firstname@lastname.tld`. - -Set up any vanity domains that you want, and a non-vanity domain. - -### Non-vanity email addresses - -In the non-vanity domain, you create the `{me}{code}@nonvanity.tld` mailbox. - -`{me}` identifies you, you can have multiple users with different `{me}` identifiers in a single non-vanity domain. - -This strategy uses `{code}` to obfuscate email addresses. -When you use `{code}` in an email address, you should be able to identify if the `{code}` is valid or not. - -For example, you could use a four-digit `{code}` and store what code you have used for each address. -If you use `x3452` and store this code, when you receive an email that does not match, such as `x3453`, you know the code is incorrect. - -Alternatively, you can use hashing so that you do not have to store all codes. - -No one except you should know about `{me}{code}@nonvanity.tld`. - -Then you create a pattern rewrite from `{me}.*@nonvanity.tld` to `{me}{code}@nonvanity.tld`. - -When you need a non-vanity email address, you create a new `{me}.{entity}{code}@nonvanity.tld`, where `{entity}` is the entity that communicates with this email address and `{code}` is a **new** code. - -Mails received at `{me}@nonvanity.tld` are incorrect. -Mails received without the correct code are incorrect. - -### Vanity email addresses - -Create any needed `{id}@vanity.tld` addresses. - -Different from non-vanity email addresses, vanity email addresses can be guessed and you cannot identify invalid email. - -See [email forwarding via IMAP](../linux/misc.md#email-forwarding-via-imap) for notes about forwarding between different email servers. - -### TODO Filing - -Because each vanity email address and entity has a different email address, you can file emails automatically into folders if wanted. - -## Migrating email from Gmail - -``` -imapsync --user1 xxx@gmail.com -passfile1 gmailpass --user2 a@a.com --host2 imap.a.com --passfile2 pass --gmail1 -``` - -To move mail, add `--delete1`. -But this seems to make `imapsync` much slower! - -### Preventing issues with multiple tags - -An email message can have multiple "tags" in Gmail that correspond to IMAP folders. -If you have messages with multiple tags, then the migration will duplicate messages in multiple folders or file mails to one folder at "random". - -imapsync has features to control this, and avoid problems with the "all mail" and "sent mail" Gmail folders, but for further control, you can refile emails to have a single tag. - -I have an mbsync replica of my Gmail account for backup purposes. -This replica can be used to find messages with multiple tags: - -``` -find . -path './\[Gmail\]/All Mail' -prune -o -not -name index -type f -exec grep -H ^Message-ID: {} \; >index -``` - -Produces one file with lines: - -``` -/.../cur/f:Message-ID:... -``` - -``` -#!/usr/bin/env python3 - -import pathlib -ms = pathlib.Path("index").read_text().splitlines() - -import collections -idx = collections.defaultdict(set) - -for m in ms: - path, _, id = m.rsplit(":", 2) - f = "/".join(pathlib.Path(path).parts[:-2]) - idx[id].add((path, f)) - -for id, vs in idx.items(): - fs = sorted(set([f for (_path, f) in vs])) - if len(fs) > 1: - print(fs) -``` - -``` -./idx.py | sort | uniq -``` - -Clear up multiple tags in Gmail to prevent duplicates. - - -## Notes - -* Aliases do *not* have plus addressing, use a "pattern rewrite" instead. -* New domains come with 'junk messages with word "SPAM" in subject (case insensitive)' on by default; go to domain, spam filtering, aggresiveness to disable. diff --git a/misc/problemas.md b/misc/problemas.md deleted file mode 100644 index c8da58f6..00000000 --- a/misc/problemas.md +++ /dev/null @@ -1,91 +0,0 @@ -# Problemas - -Este documento es una lista de cosas que me tocan las narices. -En el mundo hay infinidad de problemas más graves, pero quiero destacar esta lista. - -## La basura telefónica está fuera de control - -Recibo frecuentemente tanto llamadas como SMS fraudulentos o de publicidad indeseada. -Estoy apuntado en la lista Robinson y simplemente no hay manera de librarse. - -No corro un riesgo severo de ser víctima de un fraude, pero imagino que una cantidad importante de gente sí lo corre. -(Aunque una vez, la compañía eléctrica de la que era cliente sí me coló un timo.) - -Hasta donde yo sé: - -* Es trivial falsear la identificación de un SMS para que sea idéntico al que envía una entidad legítima. - (E.g.: puedes hacer un SMS que se identifique como "Correos", igual que un SMS legítimo de Correos.) -* No existe, hasta donde yo sé, todo mecanismo de denuncia requiere que identifiquemos al autor de la llamada. - Identificar quién llama sólo es posible si la empresa decide identificarse. -* No percibo ninguna consecuencia negativa para nadie que participe en la basura telefónica. - Esto incluye a quienes realizan estas llamadas y SMS, y a las operadoras telefónicas por las que fluyen. - -Los filtros de Google son moderadamente efectivos, pero no están al alcance de todo el mundo. -Además, los falsos positivos de los filtros pueden hacer perdernos comunicaciones legítimas importantes. - -### Recomendaciones frente a la basura telefónica - -A nivel individual, podemos formarnos para hacernos menos vulnerables a los fraudes, pero es prácticamente imposible evitar las molestias. - -Mi recomendación para quien tenga un móvil con posibilidad de reportar llamadas de spam, es coger las llamadas que muestren un número y: - -* Decir algo. - Si no decimos nada, muchas centralitas de spam no conectan a un operador, con lo que no podemos tener 100% la certeza de que sea spam. -* Esperar a que respondan para asegurarnos de que es spam. -* Si parece que hay un robot al otro lado de la línea, colgar inmediatamente. - Si parece que hay un humano, esperar a que cuelgue. - (Con esto, el humano no está libre para hacer otra llamada, con lo que les frenamos un poco. - También podemos intentar alargar la llamada, aunque yo personalmente no tengo paciencia.) -* Marcar la llamada como spam. - -Tengo la sensación de que los indicadores de spam de muchos teléfonos se basan en las denuncias que recibe cada número. -Así que cuantas más llamadas se cojan y se marquen como spam, antes aparecerán marcadas claramente como spam para otras personas. - -(Es importante que los filtros antispam sean precisos.) - -### Otras referencias - -* [Hiya Global Call Threat Report Q4 2024](https://www.hiya.com/global-call-threat-report), que redirige a [este PDF](https://6751436.fs1.hubspotusercontent-na1.net/hubfs/6751436/Global%20Call%20Threat%20Report_2024Q4.pdf). - -## Los protocolos cerrados dan un poder desproporcionado a empresas privadas - -Para la mayoría de gente, WhatsApp es prácticamente una necesidad para la vida cotidiana. - -Esto hace que Meta controle una parte sustancial de nuestras comunicaciones, queramos o no. -Además, esto hace que cualquier problema con WhatsApp (incidencia, carencia, etc.) sea inevitable. - -También hay efectos inesperados como que Meta decide qué sistemas operativos móviles son viables y cuáles no. -(En un par de ocasiones, me he tenido que cambiar de móvil porque Meta ha decidido dejar de soportarlo. -Aunque puedo experimentar con sistemas operativos móviles alternativos, siempre tengo que tener un móvil soportado por WhatsApp.) - -[La ley de mercados digitales (DMA)](https://maldita.es/malditatecnologia/20240313/dma-ley-mercados-digitales-usuarios/) en teoría ayudará parcialmente. -Esta ley debería obligar a WhatsApp a interoperar, con lo que podríamos comunicarnos con usuarios de WhatsApp sin usar WhatsApp, mitigando algunos problemas. -Sin embargo, aunque lleva en vigor desde el 7 de marzo de 2024, esto todavía no es posible y está por ver cuán efectivo será. - -Muchos sistemas de comunicación existentes son más abiertos que los protocolos modernos: - -* Cualquiera puede montar un servidor de correo y comunicarse con usuarios de correo electrónico de otros proveedores. - Pese a que muchos apuntan a que Google y Microsoft tienen un poder desproporcionado de facto, sigue siendo totalmente viable usar otros proveedores. - Y aunque se apunta que la interoperabilidad de los correos es causante del spam, muchos otros sistemas cerrados como WhatsApp tienen problemas de spam similares o mayores. - -* Aunque no todo el mundo puede hacer emisiones de DVB-T, cualquiera con una antena puede captar las emisiones y visualizarlas. - (Los protocolos con los que se codifican las emisiones de DVB-T están disponibles para cualquiera.) - También es posible codificar las emisiones de DVB-T para limitar su uso a usuarios que paguen, pero con libertad de consumir los contenidos con cualquier sistema DVB-T de nuestro agrado. - -(Esto en contraste con los servicios de streaming, que sólo podemos usar con dispositivos validados por el servicio de streaming.) - -## Los navegadores son excesivamente complejos - -Gran parte de los contenidos y procesos que tenemos que realizar hoy en día pasan por un navegador web. - -Por diversos motivos, los navegadores cada vez son más sofisticados para permitir mayores funcionalidades. -Son tan complejos que Microsoft, una de las mayores empresas tecnológicas del mundo, ha renunciado a desarrollar un navegador propio y reutiliza gran parte de Chrome, un navegador controlado por una empresa con la que compite, Google. - -Fuera de Google Chrome y de Safari de Apple, virtualmente no existen navegadores que compitan con ellos. -(Hay más navegadores, pero como Edge de Microsoft, usan el motor de Chrome o de Safari. -Firefox es cada vez más minoritario e irrelevante [aunque yo lo uso y animo a todo el mundo a que lo use].) - -La sofisticación y complejidad de Chrome y Safari adicionalmente hacen que cada vez existan más webs y aplicaciones web que son prácticamente inutilizables en dispositivos de rendimiento modesto. -Esto hace que sea virtualmente necesario renovar nuestros dispositivos con más frecuencia de la necesaria, a dispositivos más costosos de lo que necesitaríamos para el resto de nuestros propósitos. - -He escrito más sobre el tema en inglés en [a plan against the current web](../programming/a_plan_against_the_current_web.md) y [the content web manifesto](../programming/the-content-web-manifesto/README.md). diff --git a/misc/ripping.md b/misc/ripping.md deleted file mode 100644 index f985c43f..00000000 --- a/misc/ripping.md +++ /dev/null @@ -1,71 +0,0 @@ -# Ripping - -## Media - -[Main source](https://arstechnica.com/civis/threads/ripping-optical-media.1507399/post-43734994). - -### Audio CD - -About 200-300 MB per album CD when ripped to FLAC. - -### DVD - -About 4-8 GB per disc, averaging 5.6 GB per movie as ISO. - -### Blu-ray - -About 20-50 GB per disc, averaging 37 GB per movie as ISO. - -## Hardware - -### Reader - -I got a Verbatim external USB Blu-ray writer for about 120€. - -### Storage - -See <https://diskprices.com/>. - -## Software - -### Audio - -* [abcde](https://abcde.einval.com/wiki/) claims to rip and compress to FLAC and tag automatically. - -### Video - -#### DVD - -Use `dd` to rip DVD. -However, `dd` can fail on some disks, perhaps due to damage or copy protection. -[This post on unix.stackexchange describes a trick that works](https://unix.stackexchange.com/a/642790): - -* Start playback of the disc using [VLC media player](https://www.videolan.org/vlc/). -* Try `dd` first, if it fails, then run a command like `ddrescue -n -b2048 -K1M /dev/sr0 x.iso x.map`. -* After `ddrescue` starts running, quit VLC. - -For playback, most software (including Kodi and VLC for Android) can play back DVD ISO with full menu support - -#### Blu-ray - -[FindVUK](http://fvonline-db.bplaced.net/) has the keys to play Blu-ray discs ripped with `dd`. -However, with encrypted Blu-ray discs, you need to configure the keys in each device where you want to play back the content. -(And this is not easy or possible in some cases.) - -[blu-save](https://git.sr.ht/~shironeko/blu-save) can remove the encryption. -Remember to specify the path to the keys when running blu-save. - -However, VLC is confused by the `AACS` and `CERTIFICATE` directories that blu-save copies to the output. -If you remove them, then VLC can play the `BDMV` directory with menus, etc. - -You can repack a Blu-ray extracted with blu-save by running a command like: - -``` -mkisofs -allow-limited-size -o .../my.iso . -``` - -from the directory that contains *only* the `BDMV` directory. - -VLC for desktop computers can open a repacked Blu-ray ISO and show the menus. -Kodi for Android can open a repacked Blu-ray ISO and identify the titles. -However, Kodi did not support the menus for the Blu-ray I tested. |